endobj Ask yourself how important this flight will be five days or five years from now. They may be resentful of having someone trying to tell them what to do and may regard rules, regulations, and procedures as unnecessary or silly. If you find yourself deficient in any of these areas, your decision-making ability may be compromised, and the no-go decision should be made. All of the pilots contacted voluntarily provided needed information concerning their flight and aviation experience, providing the control group necessary for this study. Finally, we need to watch out for those times when our abilities become compromised by tunnel vision. Attitude Adjustments Could Prevent Aircraft Accidents Instead of deviating from the GPS-set path when weather conditions look bad, pilots may continue to follow GPS anyways, rather than avoiding potentially dangerous conditions. /@z [?20|y>n |,GPQ@ L/ Hurry to feather a failed engine in a light twin, and you might inadvertently feather the wrong one. These accounted for nearly half (44.4 percent) of glass-cockpit fatal accidents compared with 16.4 percent for the GA fleet. Im happy to report that many of the changes that I initiated have finally taken place-10 years later. 0000002802 00000 n 0000014911 00000 n Historically, about two-thirds of all general aviation (GA) accidents that occur in instrument meteorological conditions (IMC) are fatal-a rate much higher than the overall fatality rate for GA accidents. The TAA revolution really took hold in the early part of the last decade (2001-2005), and in the five years since then has matured. Show all. 0000005437 00000 n Figure 1 illustrates how rail accidents are influenced by the seasonal effects of weather. In this state, a pilot may feel secure and justified in taking unnecessary risks. He attributed much of general aviations failure to embrace modernization and change as a result of the overarching influence of what he terms, romantic, elitist, macho enthusiasts.Being an ex-FAA type, I immediately created the acronym REME to describe these folks. 0000002192 00000 n 0000010522 00000 n The cause of most aircraft accidents is not mechanical failures or malfunctioning equipmentits humans. The result is the FAA Industry Training Standards (FITS) program.I envisioned FITS as an outside-the-box approach to addressing general aviation training issues. ), and the situation of the other four elements. One representation of this process is called the DECIDE model. taa weather related accidents are associated with what hazardous attitude X.1 OXRXfYy_%)i ;ee u #4& ^ZGiYii(n!NYe 0000006341 00000 n 0000004012 00000 n The short version is it involves a three-part process to identify, assess and mitigate risk from specific hazards. They are indeed crucial components of effective TAA training but todays TAA training market tends to emphasize automation management as the be-all and end-all to the training requirement. Being an ex-FAA type, I immediately created the acronym REME to describe these folks. Sometimes it seems that the rules just don't apply in the particular circumstances, that they aren't that important, or that we can get away with disregarding them. These attitudes, Anti-Authority, Impulsivity, Invulnerability, Macho, & Resignation, often lead to poor judgment and risk assessment. endobj A National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) Study of Risk Factors Associated with Weather-Related General Aviation Accidents4. The key to maintaining a safe attitude is understanding the factors that influence each of these traits and recognizing situations when these traits may become prevalent enough to compromise our decision-making ability. <>/Border[0 0 0]/Contents(CORE Scholar)/Rect[72.0 650.625 170.125 669.375]/StructParent 1/Subtype/Link/Type/Annot>> Its maneuver-based, top-down (i.e., spoon-fed by the instructor) and has as its major goal getting a student through the knowledge and practical tests. For example, Cirrus is an example of a new breed of manufacturer wanting a clean break with this image. For example, while performing some work for one of my post-retirement clients, I evaluated 29 TAA fatal accidents and applied a simple test. (See AOPA Flight Training, June 1999). PDF Permit No. G-200 Risk Factors Associated with Weather-Related - NTSB Yet, the knowledge test questions have only been partly updated to reflect the new doctrine and FAA has scarcely paid any attention to wholesale curriculum redesign, a change that would require active industry support. The federal aviation regulations prohibit flying within eight hours of drinking alcoholic beverages, when under the influence of alcohol (or other drugs), or any time blood alcohol levels exceed .04 percent. Statistical analyses were used to determine the relationships between study variables and accident/nonaccident status and to identify variables that could be linked to an increased risk of weather-related GA accident involvement. 0000004535 00000 n w r i g h t . Could it be due to poor management of several risk factors affecting that flight-pressing into deteriorating weather, a known faulty gyro or a pilot in a hurry to get somewhere?It is my view that, fundamentally, most general aviation fatal accidents are risk-management accidents. 0000005177 00000 n They feel justified by their anti-authority attitude by telling themselves that the rules dont apply in this given circumstance, or that they can get away with disregarding them. I was dumb-founded. 0000008266 00000 n Public data . '? TAA Training - Aviation Safety 229 0 obj <> endobj xref 229 28 0000000016 00000 n 0000007043 00000 n Higher-order pilot skills, such as risk management, single-pilot resource management and automation management are either poorly considered or not addressed at all. When our antiauthority attitude overwhelms our good judgment, we're squarely in the danger zone. 0000003737 00000 n In this model, we first detect a change or deviation from our planned action. Weather Related Accidents Rather that concentrating on the aggregate fatalities, a more informative way to view the general aviation safety record is to examine the specific causes of fatal accidents. 0000004499 00000 n We all know that alcohol and drugs affect our decision-making abilities, but even the air we breathe can affect our perceptions. Is bureaucratic inertia at the FAA and within the industry preventing us from getting our moneys worth? 0000003956 00000 n When there is an ardent desire to accomplish a goal, people fool themselves into believing that they can do something that stretches the limits of their abilities. Evaluating the effectiveness of one's ADM skills. Chances are it won't be that important. tracks and switching equipment. endobj 0000004547 00000 n If we truly believed that we would be injured or killed each time we climbed into the cockpit of an airplane, we'd never turn the starter. In an effort to decrease pilot judgment-related accidents, the Federal Aviation Administration teaches new pilots about hazardous attitudes that are believed to be incompatible with safe flight: macho, impulsive, worry, resignation, self-confidence, and antiauthority. 0000014643 00000 n The third category is psychological stressors, and these include myriad factors such as peer pressure, self-image, get-home-itis and the hurry-up syndrome. An official website of the United States government Here's how you know. To ensure our customers could pass the practical test, I and my successors at Eclipse quickly moved the higher order pilot training to the mentoring phase, which is not required by the regulations if you conduct all of the training in the airplane itself, rather than a simulator.I left Eclipse in February 2008, thus avoiding the companys final denouement when it came a year later. The art and science of risk management is now a fundamental concept that permeates virtually all industrial processes from nuclear power plant management to-you guessed it-aviation safety. 0000002332 00000 n People who think, Whats the point? do not see themselves as being able to make a great deal of difference in what happens to them. Our program quickly obtained FITS acceptance from Washington and we thought we were on our way.From the beginning, our local FSDO folks were also hard-working but, in their eyes, the FITS concepts really didnt matter. 0000010201 00000 n Nobody wants an accident, but they happen all the time. 0000005831 00000 n 934 0 obj <>/MediaBox[0 0 612 792]/Parent 925 0 R/Resources<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Tabs/S/Type/Page>> Most of FAAs training emphasis is on airline training, especially after the Colgan Buffalo accident. <>stream They include such common factors as fatigue and proper nutrition. Even technologies such as synthetic vision have become the new norm. 935 0 obj Perhaps our built-in sense of invulnerability is a survival mechanism that allows us to cope with the prospect of injury or death. People with this attitude want to prove themselves and will do so by taking risks to impress others. They dont think about what theyre about to do before they do it. When the resignation attitude develops, we must realize that we are not helpless and force ourselves to continue thinking and flying the airplane. 939 0 obj Rigorously evaluating the situation, including its risks, is vital to ensuring a safe work environment. 0000001742 00000 n cESW#9kD{{. Take mental note of all the factors influencing the safety of the flight. Online Marketing For Your Business taa weather related accidents are associated with what hazardous attitude The U.S. Natural Hazard Statistics provide statistical information on fatalities, injuries, and damages caused by weather related hazards. Ill leave that one for a future article but its clear that managing risk is becoming the name of the game.What is risk management in the context of TAA training? These statistics are compiled from information contained in Storm Data, a database comprising information from NWS forecast offices in the 50 states, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Virgin Islands. 932 0 obj 0000005295 00000 n They may not even recognize that they are compromising workplace safety. The goal of this National Transportation Safety Board study was to . What are the five hazardous attitudes? 0000019118 00000 n They are apt to think that it is good luck when things go well, and bad luck when things go poorly. The Federal Aviation Administration's (FAA) literature defines five hazardous attitudes that can undermine a pilot's aeronautical decision making. The current student pilot start figures ought to be sobering to anyone in general aviation who is willing to admit that weve got to stop selling to ourselves if we are to survive and that $150,000 sport aircraft may not be the answer. In a way, the term technically advanced aircraft (TAA) has become a misnomer but it is still widely recognized as a tag line for a variety of related issues-. Chapter 10: Aeronautical Decision-Making and Judgment 0000006152 00000 n I believe the energy for continued evolution in training methods must originate with industry and be supported by continued FAA doctrine changes and especially reform of the knowledge and practical tests. When we find ourselves breaking the rules like this, we usually have ways to rationalize our behavior. If you wouldn't be able to pass an FAA medical exam, or if you have any condition that might alter your ability to safely operate an aircraft, the only safe choice is not to fly. 0000002595 00000 n 0000002799 00000 n I lost control and slammed into an innocent bystander. 941 0 obj 0000007644 00000 n Unfortunately, neither the NTSB nor the FAA has recognized the real issues regarding TAA training. The fact were still using training concepts from the last century is a result of many factors and, while its easy to blame the FAA, we might only have to look in the mirror to find part of the problem. On the other side of the fence are elements that want to change the status quo and not just with better training. Considerable progress also has occurred in the training community. Even the FAA pays homage to the concept and frequently parrots it has a risk-based approach to safety oversight. 89 0 obj << /Linearized 1 /O 91 /H [ 1286 265 ] /L 1050536 /E 81042 /N 13 /T 1048638 >> endobj xref 89 34 0000000016 00000 n lieu de production gta 5 le plus rentable taa weather related accidents are associated with what hazardous attitude They may be smart enough to know that accidents can happen to anyone at any time, but they never really believe that they will be personally involved. 0000004184 00000 n 0000004755 00000 n We may not realize that it is occurring, but at some critical point, we find ourselves over our heads in a truly dangerous situation. 0000005224 00000 n His views are solely those of the author and not necessarily of any client he represents. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. 4. Illness-Any form of illness can affect our ability to safely operate an aircraft. Physiological stressors are those that affect the functioning of our bodies and minds. They believe that tie-off regulations are excessive, caution signs arbitrary, and personal protection equipment gets in the way. <>>>>> 0000021228 00000 n Once we recognize that our decision making might be compromised by a hazardous attitude, we can apply a corrective mechanism to our thinking. L> endobj 25 0 obj << /Count 19 /First 26 0 R /Last 27 0 R >> endobj 26 0 obj << /Title (\nE P?%) /A 63 0 R /Next 37 0 R /Parent 25 0 R >> endobj 27 0 obj << /Title (S;c:Dsca) /Prev 28 0 R /Parent 25 0 R /A 29 0 R >> endobj 28 0 obj << /Title (VLVAW) /Next 27 0 R /Prev 30 0 R /Parent 25 0 R /A 31 0 R >> endobj 29 0 obj << /S /Named /N /Print >> endobj 30 0 obj << /Title (iJ1^y%) /Next 28 0 R /Prev 32 0 R /Parent 25 0 R /A 33 0 R >> endobj 31 0 obj << /S /Named /N /AcroSrch:Results >> endobj 32 0 obj << /Title (.kKCQgVQ) /Next 30 0 R /Prev 34 0 R /Parent 25 0 R /A 35 0 R >> endobj 33 0 obj << /S /Named /N /AcroSrch:Query >> endobj 34 0 obj << /Title (qst#Zphfj") /A 36 0 R /Next 32 0 R /Prev 37 0 R /Parent 25 0 R /First 38 0 R /Last 39 0 R /Count 12 >> endobj 35 0 obj << /S /GoTo /D [ 24 0 R /FitH 797 ] >> endobj 36 0 obj << /S /GoTo /D [ 24 0 R /FitH 797 ] >> endobj 37 0 obj << /Title (~53i?YiY) /A 62 0 R /Next 34 0 R /Prev 26 0 R /Parent 25 0 R >> endobj 38 0 obj << /Title (]%) /A 61 0 R /Parent 34 0 R /Next 53 0 R >> endobj 39 0 obj << /Title (~6\\) /A 40 0 R /Prev 41 0 R /Parent 34 0 R >> endobj 40 0 obj << /S /GoTo /D [ 7 0 R /FitH 778 ] >> endobj 41 0 obj << /Title (h^,3yk@) /A 42 0 R /Next 39 0 R /Prev 43 0 R /Parent 34 0 R >> endobj 42 0 obj << /S /GoTo /D [ 7 0 R /FitH 585 ] >> endobj 43 0 obj << /Title (R"i4Ms) /A 44 0 R /Next 41 0 R /Prev 45 0 R /Parent 34 0 R >> endobj 44 0 obj << /S /GoTo /D [ 4 0 R /FitH 343 ] >> endobj 45 0 obj << /Title (ZURM*@O/.YI}D) /Count 3 /Last 46 0 R /First 47 0 R /A 48 0 R /Next 43 0 R /Prev 49 0 R /Parent 34 0 R >> endobj 46 0 obj << /Title (0RHNy) /A 60 0 R /Prev 58 0 R /Parent 45 0 R >> endobj 47 0 obj << /Title (#Q? 940 0 obj Therefore, any conclusions in this report regarding relative safety must be considered as preliminary. If you've ever found yourself cruising down the highway above the posted speed limit, hurrying to make it through a yellow traffic light, or rolling past a stop sign, then you know what I'm talking about. They are antiauthority, impulsivity, invulnerability, macho, and resignation. The AOPA Air Safety Foundation (ASF) will continue to monitor the TAA safety record and report as new findings . When an engine fails or a fire breaks out, we respond immediately with carefully programmed actions. 929 0 obj 0000023460 00000 n An hour later, after the symptoms subsided, I realized how severely my piloting abilities had been compromised. 0000007215 00000 n I served as the FAAs lead general aviation executive from 2001 until I retired in 2005. They are indeed crucial components of effective TAA training but todays TAA training market tends to emphasize automation management as the be-all and end-all to the training requirement. <>/Border[0 0 0]/Contents(library-corescholar@wright.edu)/Rect[391.8911 72.3516 516.2739 82.8984]/StructParent 8/Subtype/Link/Type/Annot>> Scholarly Commons | Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Research Belvoir Media Group, LLC. 0000002983 00000 n Maybe I had lost respect for the dangers of motorcycle riding or had developed an unsafe attitude. 930 0 obj I wanted to see quick results and I had high hopes major general aviation organizations would support this effort. Learning behavior modification techniques 3. April 2, 2010, Hillsboro, Ohio, Cessna 172D, May 1, 2010, Lakeland, Fla., Interstate S1A. The number represented under "Yes" means the number of accidents in which the Hazardous Attitude was found. While these terms all have negative connotations, each really represents a trait or characteristic embodied in the psyche of every human mind. 0000005731 00000 n 0000007528 00000 n The problem with this approach is that it did not fully consider the real root cause of the accident. The problem with this approach is that it did not fully consider the real root cause of the accident. 931 0 obj But there are times when reacting too quickly can get us into trouble. The current student pilot start figures ought to be sobering to anyone in general aviation who is willing to admit that weve got to stop selling to ourselves if we are to survive and that $150,000 sport aircraft may not be the answer. Ritchie [8 . Also, Middle Tennessee State University did some pioneering work with a combined private-instrument rating curriculum-with a single test-and the regulations have been changed to enable that option. %PDF-1.7 % Risk factors associated with weather-related general aviation accidents [electronic resource] / National Transportation Safety Board National Transportation Safety Board Washington, D.C 2005. Its maneuver-based, top-down (i.e., spoon-fed by the instructor) and has as its major goal getting a student through the knowledge and practical tests.Higher-order pilot skills, such as risk management, single-pilot resource management and automation management are either poorly considered or not addressed at all. Hard work and the resulting soreness and fatigue can conspire against us as well. endobj The Federal Aviation Administration's (FAA) literature defines five hazardous attitudes that can undermine a pilot's aeronautical decision making. 0000004770 00000 n Most of FAAs training emphasis is on airline training, especially after the Colgan Buffalo accident.Considerable progress also has occurred in the training community. Commendably, it has succeeded-at least partly-in expanding the market by building products with appeal to a wider audience. rafael angel uribe serna; undersized defensive ends; remington 1100 performance parts; words for a unhealthy relationship; barking and dagenham postcode; laughlin justice court forms; The extent to which they failed to meet that objective is beyond the scope of this article.A little ancient historyAt this point, you would be correct to ask, What exactly was wrong with the current general aviation training system? The training doctrine and paradigm in place in 2001, and still mostly in place today, is a relic of the Civilian Pilot Training Program begun in the 1939-1941 period just prior to the war. <>/Border[0 0 0]/Contents(International Symposium on Aviation Psychology)/Rect[360.6162 618.0547 540.0 630.9453]/StructParent 4/Subtype/Link/Type/Annot>> The typical Cirrus customer doesnt go to the airport to get REMEd out but rather goes there so he can use his airplane to get somewhere. It was, and still is, a maneuvers-based test. Each letter represents one of six important factors affecting our ability to fly safely and engage in effective decision making. endobj The area where traveling TAA fared the worst was in weather-related accidents. endobj VV|_Np;_e>z|f}.~}"QigZfme)P8$q@R pE@kJa\5:o3jw%\Y.C~d,yN%p!m!=J\,ViyAxy=F}=AXS4B[D\`%=EMw:S)'H"C~\\V|j"=]izdMZ0Cu]8,pP$_=)wWXS% > zh;l*ov-e^sOf!Q!aef1EoqmFJk7E1rQQRoE54Ury,Yw}~*rQpLOwS;L>.OQ(9K>^ Y!MG`kQm,$n6zzug5?P\ Poor pilot judgment was cited as a key factor in most GA weather-related accidents. 0000002176 00000 n There are five hazardous attitudes that contribute to accidents, Keenan said. But I digress.A perfect laboratory, butAfter leaving the FAA, Eclipse Aviation offered me the job of Director of Customer Flight Training. People with this mindset are more likely to increase their risk by taking chances. One of the projects I took on was to bring the flight training paradigm into the 21st century. United States. 0000004070 00000 n Correlates of Continued Visual Flight Rules (VFR) into Instrument Accidents like this were only supposed to happen to other people. Anti-authority: Regarding rules, regulations, and procedures as unnecessary. 0000008648 00000 n Hb```g``ec`e`xA@l(x@ezUgO'd3022m?qP(A@EA@T)lRy20 @ ` &} endstream endobj 122 0 obj 150 endobj 91 0 obj << /Type /Page /MediaBox [ 0 0 610 792 ] /Parent 87 0 R /Resources << /Font << /MR 115 0 R /MI 114 0 R /MB 113 0 R /M2 116 0 R /SR 94 0 R /SI 95 0 R /SB 92 0 R /S2 117 0 R /SSR 93 0 R /SSI 98 0 R /SSB 96 0 R /SS2 118 0 R >> /XObject << /Image1 120 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /ImageB /Text ] >> /Contents [ 99 0 R 101 0 R 103 0 R 105 0 R 107 0 R 109 0 R 111 0 R 119 0 R ] /CropBox [ 0 0 610 792 ] /Rotate 0 >> endobj 92 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /Name /SB /BaseFont /Times-Bold /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding >> endobj 93 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /Name /SSR /BaseFont /Helvetica /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding >> endobj 94 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /Name /SR /BaseFont /Times-Roman /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding >> endobj 95 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /Name /SI /BaseFont /Times-Italic /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding >> endobj 96 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /Name /SSB /BaseFont /Helvetica-Bold /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding >> endobj 97 0 obj 563 endobj 98 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /Name /SSI /BaseFont /Helvetica-Oblique /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding >> endobj 99 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 97 0 R >> stream The FAA (before my watch) spent considerable time, effort, and money trying to analyze accident causality with a human factors approach. The collaborative instructor spends as much time and energy as needed to work with the student pilot until any flight training issues associated with hazardous attitudes are resolved to the mutual . 0000002631 00000 n 0000002450 00000 n I envisioned FITS as an outside-the-box approach to addressing general aviation training issues. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); You have entered an incorrect email address! 0000003291 00000 n endobj Ill leave that one for a future article but its clear that managing risk is becoming the name of the game. Historically, about two-thirds of all general aviation (GA) accidents that occur in instrument meteorological conditions (IMC) are fatal-a rate much higher than the overall fatality rate for GA accidents. These attitudes often pop up in everyday life, aviation, the military, and construction. Otherwise, this important survival mechanism becomes a serious safety liability. 936 0 obj The FAA has identified five hazardous attitudes that have the potential to influence the pilots' ability to respond to "people, situations, or events" in a manner conducive to aviation safety (FAA, 2017a, p. 2-5). 0000006899 00000 n @\(~M[U@W) /A 56 0 R /Prev 51 0 R /Parent 49 0 R >> endobj 51 0 obj << /Title (aw'iVz=6_) /A 55 0 R /Parent 49 0 R /Next 50 0 R >> endobj 52 0 obj << /S /GoTo /D [ 24 0 R /FitH 450 ] >> endobj 53 0 obj << /Title (:{) /A 54 0 R /Next 49 0 R /Prev 38 0 R /Parent 34 0 R >> endobj 54 0 obj << /S /GoTo /D [ 24 0 R /FitH 585 ] >> endobj 55 0 obj << /S /GoTo /D [ 1 0 R /FitH 753 ] >> endobj 56 0 obj << /S /GoTo /D [ 1 0 R /FitH 734 ] >> endobj 57 0 obj << /S /GoTo /D [ 4 0 R /FitH 728 ] >> endobj 58 0 obj << /Title (ye) /A 59 0 R /Next 46 0 R /Prev 47 0 R /Parent 45 0 R >> endobj 59 0 obj << /S /GoTo /D [ 4 0 R /FitH 767 ] >> endobj 60 0 obj << /S /GoTo /D [ 4 0 R /FitH 478 ] >> endobj 61 0 obj << /S /GoTo /D [ 24 0 R /FitH 758 ] >> endobj 62 0 obj << /S /Named /N /GoBackDoc >> endobj 63 0 obj << /S /Launch /F 64 0 R >> endobj 64 0 obj << /Type /FileSpec /F (BSc}1) >> endobj 65 0 obj << /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] /Font << /TT2 67 0 R /TT4 69 0 R /TT6 81 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 88 0 R >> /ColorSpace << /Cs5 70 0 R >> >> endobj 66 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 891 /CapHeight 0 /Descent -216 /Flags 34 /FontBBox [ -568 -307 2028 1007 ] /FontName /TimesNewRomanPSMT /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 0 >> endobj 67 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 116 /Widths [ 278 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 278 0 556 556 556 556 556 556 0 0 0 556 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 611 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 611 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 556 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 222 0 0 556 0 0 0 0 278 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /ArialMT /FontDescriptor 68 0 R >> endobj 68 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 905 /CapHeight 0 /Descent -211 /Flags 32 /FontBBox [ -665 -325 2028 1037 ] /FontName /ArialMT /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 0 >> endobj 69 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 148 /Widths [ 250 0 0 500 0 833 0 0 333 333 0 0 250 333 250 278 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 278 0 0 0 0 0 0 722 667 667 722 611 556 722 722 333 389 722 611 889 722 722 556 0 667 556 611 722 722 944 0 722 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 444 500 444 500 444 333 500 500 278 278 500 278 778 500 500 500 500 333 389 278 500 500 722 500 500 444 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 333 444 444 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /TimesNewRomanPSMT /FontDescriptor 66 0 R >> endobj 70 0 obj [ /CalRGB << /WhitePoint [ 0.9505 1 1.089 ] /Gamma [ 2.22221 2.22221 2.22221 ] /Matrix [ 0.4124 0.2126 0.0193 0.3576 0.71519 0.1192 0.1805 0.0722 0.9505 ] >> ] endobj 71 0 obj 905 endobj 72 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 71 0 R >> stream ]e. One of the projects I took on was to bring the flight training paradigm into the 21st century. To save a few seconds of time, pilots sometimes abbreviate the traffic pattern or use non-standard entries, skip checklists, or fly closer to the clouds and in poorer weather conditions than legally allowed. The only thing their guidance material emphasized was compliance with the Airline Transport Pilot and Type Rating Practical Test Standard (PTS). 0000005379 00000 n <>/Border[0 0 0]/Contents()/Rect[72.0 607.0547 161.3428 619.9453]/StructParent 3/Subtype/Link/Type/Annot>> [938 0 R 939 0 R 940 0 R 941 0 R 942 0 R 943 0 R 944 0 R 945 0 R] They rationalize these deviations with similar arguments, including, "There was nobody else in the pattern," or, "I know the checklist by heart," or, "I've done this hundreds of times.". Weather Related Fatality and Injury Statistics 0000001551 00000 n
taa weather related accidents are associated with what hazardous attitude