But where the glory, where the pride, As part of the British plan, 1/7 GR was given the task of capturing the sub-hill of Mount William held by O Company, the 5th Marine Battalion's reserve, and then allowing the Welsh Guards through to seize Sapper Hill, the final obstacle before Stanley. Only the personal intervention of Colonel Flix Aguiar, the 10th Brigade Chief of Staff, brought the fighting to an end. Battle of Mount Tumbledown. 2023 BBC. Captain Eduardo Villarraza's N Company from the 5th Marine Battalion, would defend Mounts Tumbledown and William. These men earned his respect and the respect of the nation. The fight for Mount Tumbledown was the last battle in a conflict that was, by modern standards, a small warand to many an unnecessary one. [14], After the battle, Pipe Major James Riddell of 2 SG stood near the top of the mountain and played his bagpipes. Marine Sub-Lieutenant Hctor Mino's 5th Platoon, Amphibious Engineer Company, held the rocks to the right of Marine Sub-Lieutenant Carlos Vzquez's 4th Platoon, 5th Marines. Lieutenant Paul Allen and Marine Wayne McGregor of 7 Troop were both wounded activating anti-personnel mines. [5] Major John Kiszely's Left Flank passed through them and reached the central region of the peak unopposed, but then came under heavy fire. ", l todava estaba pensando en el contraataque, y sali disparando hacia el frente, o sea al revs Es que Davis y sus hombres estaban listos para largar el contraataque. [38] Due to this delay, it was decided that 45 Commando should move forward from Two Sisters to occupy Sapper Hill. As he gazed down at the lights of Port Stanley some 4 miles distant, an enemy rifle in each hand, a 7.62mm high-velocity armor-piercing round slammed into his head at 3,800 feet per second, destroying nearly 45 percent of his brain. Marine Captain Rodolfo Oscar Cionchi's M Company occupied Sapper Hill. On the morning of 13 June, the Scots Guards were moved by helicopter from their position at Bluff Cove to an assembly area nearly Goat Ridge, west of Mount Tumbledown. Finally, they beached their craft within 2 miles of the Argentine positions on Mount Tumbledown. I hadn't fired directly at a British soldier, as they had been too hard to get a clear shot at. They fired all around it so that it would run into the bullets, it tilted, began to smoke and was lost at sea. Did surely speed the warring parties pact. The firing gradually slowed down and the Argentines simply evacuated Sapper Hill, as the Royal Marines very slowly got to their feet." By 9:00a.m., the Scots Guards had gained the high ground east of Tumbledown Mountain and the Gurkhas commenced deploying across the heavily shelled saddle from Tumbledown south to Mount William, which they took with the loss of 8 wounded. They came on us fast, and we fell back We eventually got through to Stanley, through what I would like to say was a perfect barrage fired by the Royal Artillery. According to Private Jos Luis Fazio:.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 40px}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;padding-left:1.6em;margin-top:0}, My companions from M Company opened fire on a Sea Harrier, with rifles. The engagement was an attack by the British Army and the Royal Marines on the heights over-looking Stanley, the Falkland Islands capital. Scots guards casualties on tumbledown mountain 1982. Alongside the Scots Guards, mortar troops from 42 Commando, Scorpion light tanks, 1/7, This battle saw 43 British soldiers injured and 9 men killed, while Argentinas 5. "It has been the trip of a lifetime to be part of the project and facing a few demons; it has been a life-changer," he explained. At 9 p.m., half an hour after the start of the diversionary attack, Major Iain Dalzel-Job's G Company started its advance of nearly two miles. The Battle of Mount Tumbledown was an engagement in the Falklands War, one of a series of battles that took place during the British advance towards Stanley. For further reading he recommends Tumbledown: When the Fighting Is Over, by John Lawrence and Robert Lawrence; Reassessing the Fighting Performance of Conscript Soldiers During the Malvinas/ Falklands War (1982), by Alejandro L. Corbacho; and The Battle for the Falklands, by Max Hastings and Simon Jenkins. M Company occupied Sapper Hill. A daytime assault was initially planned, but was postponed at the British battalion commander's request. This footwear was "wholly inappropriate" for the Falklands weather and terrain but had been "carefully" placed there for safe keeping, said project co-director and Oxford University archaeologist Dr Tim Clack. I had only twenty rounds left and I decided to continue the fight from Mount William. Privacy Policy, The 2nd Scots Guards were tasked with launching the attack on Mount Tumbledown and they were led by Lieutenant Colonel Mike Scott. It is based on the experiences of Lieutenant Robert Lawrence, who was severely wounded during the battle. [56], Two British artists have depicted the battle in painting, Mark Churms[57] and Terence Cuneo, the latter commissioned by the Scots Guards. [46] The Argentine Marine companies had been deeply entrenched and were well equipped with heavy machine guns. Seeing an enemy soldier on the ground to his front, he bayoneted the man, later noting, He spun wildlyand my bayonet snapped. Using the only weapon he had, Lawrence recalled, I stabbed him and I stabbed him, again and again, in the mouth, in the face, in the guts, with a snapped bayonet. Subscribe to receive our weekly newsletter with top stories from master historians. A British Harrier was claimed to be hit by concentrated fire from M Company, on 7 June. The attacking British forces consisted of the 2nd Battalion, Scots Guards (2SG), mortar detachments from 42 Commando, Royal Marines and the 1st Battalion, 7th Duke of Edinburgh's Own Gurkha Rifles (1/7 GR), as well as support from a troop of the Blues and Royals equipped with two Scorpion and two Scimitar armoured vehicles. The CO sahib and the anti-tank Milan Platoon commander and the FOO were just going up and they got a rifle shot. By about 815 the following morning, the UK forces had overcome the argentines and held the hills. So those of you who live to talk, The Falklands presented a more daunting challenge. Advancing out of the central region of Tumbledown Mountain, the British again came under heavy fire from the Argentinians, but by advancing in pairs under covering fire, they succeeded in clearing those Bravo Company platoons as well, gaining firm control of the mountain's eastern side.[16]. A Scots Guardsman. Fue impresionante su actitud ofensiva.". Mount William was just south of Tumbledown and the Marine battalion's O Company under Marine Captain Ricardo Quiroga was on its lower slopes. Moving up, the men of Left Flank, however, soon found themselves engaged in hand-to-hand fighting with fixed bayonets. Read about our approach to external linking. Initially, naval action accounted for the greatest number of casualties, with heavy losses of ships and lives on both sides. The battle started at about 830 pm on 13 June, beginning with a diversion, since the argentines are fond of diversion. The 2nd Bn Scots Guards' Reconnaissance Platoon, commanded by Major Richard Bethell (a former SAS officer), and supported by four light tanks of the Blues and Royals, attacked the Argentinian marine company entrenched on the lower slopes of Mount William. Today David said: "Initially I was posted there in 1982 and I was involved in the training of battalion soldiers for the operation in the Falklands. Nick van der Bijl. Once we had taken that, we would have taken the whole mountain., As Lawrence reached the summit, other guardsmen from various platoons closed up behind and around him. The 2nd Bn Scots Guards' Reconnaissance Platoon, commanded by Major Richard Bethell (a former SAS officer), and supported by four light tanks of the 'Blues & Royals', clashed with the Argentine O Marine Company under Marine Captain Quiroga in a blocking position on the lower slopes of Mount William. Thule Island. Lieutenant Robert Lawrence led 3 Platoon around to the right of the Argentinian platoon, hoping to take the Argentinians by surprise. Lieutenant-Colonel (Retired) Rod Eldridge from Waterloo Uncovered assisted the project in his capacity as a mental health professional and said the archaeological work helped support the veterans' "new and updated appraisals of what happened during the battle for Tumbledown". The first phase of the plan featured a diversionary maneuver. Saved countless others from their own unknown. The 4th Platoon, led by Sub-Lieutenant Carlos Daniel Vzquez, was dug in near the summit of Tumbledown, covering the western approaches to the peak. In 1982 the notoriously oppressive and much-beleaguered military junta that governed Argentina saw the seizure of the Falklands as an opportunity to distract its citizens from the many economic and human rights issues plaguing the country and to unite Argentines behind a self-justifying campaign. [49], Due to his actions on both Two Sisters and Tumbledown, Private Oscar Ismael Poltronieri of La Madrid's platoon was awarded the Argentine Nation to the Heroic Valour in Combat Cross, Argentina's highest military decoration. They also had been trained in night fightingand despite the assurances of the British PARAs, they didnt run. An Air Force mobile Westinghouse AN/TPS-43 long-range radar had been positioned on Sapper Hill in April. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. History is a guide to navigation in perilous times. Kiszely and six other Guardsmen suddenly found themselves standing on top of the mountain, looking down on Stanley which was under street lighting and vehicles could be seen moving along the roads. Adding to their miseries, on this particular day they had come under intense artillery shelling. After two hours of hard fighting, the company withdrew to its main defences on William and the British secured the position. They were held by the Argentine 5th Naval Infantry Battalion (BIM 5), a reinforced, cold weather trained and equipped, Marine battalion. [33]), On 13 June, a Welsh Guards messenger, bringing forward food supplies to Major Christopher Drewrywe's Number 2 Company (1WG), was killed when his motorbike ran over a mine. [6], For four or five hours, three platoons of Argentinian riflemen, machine gunners, and mortar men pinned the British down. By 9:45 a.m., some 12 hours after the first shot rang out, the firing ceased. [31] (The Harrier had extensive repairs and, though still operational, it was ultimately transferred to the School of Flight Deck Operations at Culdrose,[32] and was eventually donated to the Polish Aviation Museum of Krakw. Terms of Use| "En la madrugada del da 31, dos ataques areos con aviones Vulcan y Harrier sobre las posiciones del RI 3, del RI 25 y la zona del aeropuerto, pusieron fuera de servicio, transitoriamente, el radar de vigilancia de la Fuerza Area." They had had years of aggression, Lawrence wrote. This button displays the currently selected search type. Our commanding sahib was shouting. Tumbledown tells of Lawrence's part in the Falklands War, for which he was awarded the Military Cross. Their orders were to move towards Sapper Hill only after these objectives were taken. Ron Soodalter has written for Americas Civil War, Civil War Times, Wild West and Smithsonian. Max Hastings, Simon Jenkins. At the time of the battle, N Company held Mount Tumbledown. [6], The Argentinians, later learned to be of company strength, directed mortar, grenade, machine gun and small arms fire from very close range at the British company, killing three British soldiers. In the third phase, Right Flank would pass through Left Flank to secure the eastern end of Tumbledown. It was absolutely horrific. Here was a golden opportunity being missed. The decisive final battle of the war took place on Mount Tumbledown, Argentinian shoes in a rock sangar position, untouched for 40 years, Expended rifle round casings provide direct evidence of a moment in the battle, The project directors, Tim Clack and Tony Pollard, on the battlefield site, A 3D model of a section of Mount Tumbledown drone survey, Doug Farthing in a teaching session at the Falkland Islands Community School in Port Stanley, The remains of Argentine field kitchens known as ranchos at the eastern end of Tumbledown, Artist Douglas Farthing painted the mountain at the point of the advance, At the crash site of 'no hope' - BBC reporter in Greece. When he came to, the rest of the British soldiers had gone. Londons Sunday Times later shared with its readers that on Mount Tumbledown the Scots Guards were to face the toughest action of all. Such was the bravery of the British troops during the Battle for Mount Tumbledown that a number of medals, including 2 Military Crosses and 2 Distinguished Conduct Medals, were awarded following the conflict. The initial advance was unopposed, but a heavy firefight broke out when British troops made contact with Argentinian defences. The attack was launched on 13 June, with the Scots Guards moving closer to the Mount, with assistance from the Royal Marines Mountain and Arctic Warfare Cadre. From then on we fought from crag to crag, rock to rock, taking out pockets of enemy and lone riflemen, all of whom resisted fiercely. Nick van der Bijl, 1st Battalion, 7th Duke of Edinburgh's Own Gurkha Rifles, Argentine Nation to the Valour in Combat Medal, Argentine Nation to the Heroic Valour in Combat Cross, http://www.britainssmallwars.com/Falklands/Tumbledown.htm, "Attenshun! We just fired our rifles, that's all. On the night of 1314 June 1982 the British launched an assault on Mount Tumbledown, one of the highest points near the town of Stanley, the capital, and succeeded in driving Argentinian forces from the mountain. On William's southern slopes, one of the tanks was taken out of action by a booby trap. I remember our Operations Officer requested the artillery to assist at 23.00 with star shells. He is the only conscript soldier in his nation's recent history who has received this honour. From there 2 PARA was ordered to attack the Argentines at the Goose Green settlement. The first attack, a diversionary assault, aimed to scare off the Argentine troops by making the attack appear to be far bigger than it really was, thanks to the use of light tanks. In the first phase, G company would take the western end of the mountain. [10], Major Kiszely, who was to become a senior general after the war, was the first man into the 4th Platoon position, personally shooting two Argentinian conscripts and bayoneting a third, his bayonet breaking in two. + Follow. At 2:30a.m., however, a second British assault overwhelmed the Argentinian defences. "The models and the surveyed data also act as a digital archive of the condition of the battlefield and the remains, before they deteriorate and are lost forever," Dr Eve said. We felt a big explosion. For weeks the soldiers of Britains famed Scots Guards regiment had snatched sleep amid bone-chilling winds in holes that repeatedly filled with freezing water. I was going quite spare because I was supposed to have two batteries at my priority call. Mount Tumbledown. Also present on Sapper Hill were 155mm guns from the 101st Artillery Group, the 120mm Heavy Mortar Platoon from Captain Ramn Alberto Varela's C Company, and the Reconnaissance Platoon (under Lieutenant Norman Osvaldo Reynoso) from the 3rd General Manuel Belgrano Mechanized Infantry Regiment. Who scaled the Heights of Tumbledown Close to the heart of any Scots Guardsman, a battlefield study of Mount Tumbledown saw the party given an overview of the famous 1982 battle. B Company, 6th Regiment was in reserve behind N Company. [60], There is a pipe march written by James Riddell of the 2nd Battalion Scots Guards [61] It is called The Crags Of Tumbledown Mountain. To subscribe, click here. 12 June proved to be the toughest day for the Argentine Marines. The project "opened my eyes to a whole bigger picture of what happened in all areas of Tumbledown during battle," he added. J. M. Kneen and D. J. Sutton, "Marine Vince Comb, seventeen and a half years old and the youngest man in the troop, was the machine gunner and was hit by bullets in the wrist and arm. At 2:30a.m., however, a second British assault overwhelmed the men of the 4th and 12th Regiments but the survivors of Vazquez's 4th Platoon would continue fighting till about 7:00 am. Fearing a counter-attack, the British platoon withdrew into an undetected minefield, and were forced to abandon their dead. Port Stanley lay there just ahead, It was released as a single by the Pipes and Drums of 2SG a year later.[52][54]. On the eastern half of the mountain the platoon of conscripts of La Madrid were still holding out, so Colonel Scott ordered Right Flank to push on to clear the final positions. While the British boasted nearly three times as many ships, the Argentines held a 3-to-1 advantage in combat aircraft. The bodies of 30 Argentine Army and Marine soldiers were found over the 5th Marine Battalion perimeter. Lawrence lay on the frigid ground for hours before a helicopter arrived to evacuate him and the other wounded. The engagement was an attack by the British Army and the Royal Marines on the heights over-looking Stanley, the Falkland Islands capital. A bullet also passed through the compass secured on the belt of the Left Flank Company commander, injuring Major Kiszely. I was shooting, doing my work. Llegados al lugar, se pudo comprobar la exactitud del aviso: sobre la playa haba un bote neumtico en posicin invertida." Mount Tumbledown Works Cited Defensive positions http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d5/Tumbledown.JPG On the morning of June 13 helicopters flew the men of the 2nd Battalion, Scots Guards, from Bluff Cove to a staging area near Goat Ridge, where they soon began to take heavy artillery and mortar fire. Studying the memories of veterans alongside historical sources and the archaeological remains would enable a unique and "enhanced understanding of events", he explained. This page was last edited on 23 October 2022, at 23:19. Wireless Ridge. The British plan called for a diversionary attack south of Mount Tumbledown by a small number of the Scots Guards, assisted by the four light tanks of the Blues and Royals, whilst the main attack came as a three-phase silent advance from the west of Mount Tumbledown. The Scots Guards eventually mortally wounded him in a hail of gunfire,[16] but not before the Argentine soldier generated more confusion, resulting in the wounding of the Forward Observation Officer (FOO, Captain Swinton) attached to the Gurkhas, while clearing the positions of Marine Sergeant Jorge Lucero's 3rd Platoon before advancing on to take Mount William. Nick Van Der Bijl, Victory in the Falklands, p. 224, Pen and Sword, 2007. The delay caused by the mines may have saved lives. On Mount William's southern slopes, one of the tanks was taken out of action by a booby trap. During the recovery, the aircraft caught fire on Hermes flight deck, owing to a fractured reaction pipe. A half-hour into the engagement, shortly after 10 p.m., G Company commenced the assault on Tumbledown. Prior to the British landings, the Argentinian marine battalion had been brought up to brigade strength by a company of the Amphibious Engineers Company (CKIA), a battery of the 1st Marine Artillery Battalion (BIAC), and three Tigercat SAM batteries of the 1st Marine Anti-Aircraft Regiment, as well as a heavy machine-gun company of the Headquarters Battalion (BICO). The project is the first time that war veterans have taken part in an archaeological survey of their own battlefield. They were detected, however, and the British were briefly pinned down by gunfire before a bayonet charge overwhelmed the Argentinian defenders. 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we were there the battle of mount tumbledown