The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. During the Second World War Japanese military commanders, came up with a cunning and horrifying strategy of creating suicide bombers. He was on standby to fly a fourth mission when Japan capitulated. Tears flowed freely down his face, and he looked as though he were going to pieces. USS St. Lo was the first major warship sunk by Kamikaze. Many subsequent Kamikazes targeted carriers and other large ships. The rationale being trading one or several planes and their pilots for an entire ship with hundreds or thousands of men a Family friends went on a tour of Japan. I didnt want to eat it, but my brother forced me to. Postwar Japan offered little consolation to the survivors. Well do it., The final decision made, Wing Commander Kunihiro Iwaki and Nonaka left the operations room and headed for the airfield. Kamikaze aircraft were Neutralhistory.com is determined to answer questions about history and to take you on an exciting journey through history. The strain of facing certain death was taking its toll on the Ohka pilots. Enjoy! Why did kamikaze pilots have Samurai swords? The USS Missouri was once hit by a Kamikaze pilot whos body was discovered intact in the wreckage of his aircraft. The ships CO ordered a full mi Once this bubble/shock wave strikes the ships hull, it punches the hull plates in, rupturing the hull. But more was to come. * The Shinto religion offers no reward of life after death. The Japanese Kamikazes of late World War II were notorious for sacrificing their lives in a desperate attempt to turn the tide of World War II so that the Japanese Empire could still somehow win. Kamikazes were regarded as having flown on emotional autopilot. Kamikaze pilots returning isnt too unusual. While their mission is suicidal, theyre not completely irrational; they were told to aim at high-valu The American planes were much better than ours, he says. Once again, wasting good pilots and planes by not giving them enough fuel so that they could make it back in case the kamikaze strike didn`t happen because of bad weather, technical failure, or other reasons would not have been smart regarding the desperate military and economic situation of the Japanese Empire that made the use of Kamikazes necessary in the first place. Chiran high school girls wave cherry blossom branches to a kamikaze pilot departing in a "Hayabusa" fighter, April 12,1945. Then he said in his impressively loud voice: We will now make an attack on the enemys warships! This is more of a question but recently I have seen it come up increasingly often that there was "this one" Japanese pilot who returned from 9 kamikaze attacks before being executed. When a target was sighted, the Kaiten crew was briefed while their torpedoes were ventilated and their navigational gyroscope programmed. And although their actions did not result in a Japanese victory the name Kamikaze and the idea connected to it is still widely known. Please remember the ties we had in this world!. He unceremoniously sat down in a chair, holding his saber like a cane, with its tip resting on the tarmac. Take care of yourself because you deserve it. A lot of the kamikaze attacks took place around islands in the middle of the ocean. By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. A Brief History of the Salem Witch Trials. Now that obviously leads to the question of how successful the use of Kamikazes was. If the pilots really thought it was so bad, they would have rioted. Well, since the Japanese Empire lost World War II the most obvious answer is that Kamikaze strikes were not effective enough to turn the tide. If a Kamikaze somehow survived, he had to prepare to die again. It was then approaching 3 p.m., well after the time they mission should have reached the target area. You will succeed! Suddenly someone standing on a podium in the center of the yard cried out: Petty officers withdraw! The voice belonged to Special Service Sub-Lieutenant Shoichi Ota, the mastermind of the Ohka plan, a man who had worked his way up from fourth-class seaman and was greatly respected by all of the petty officers. Finally, Nishio opened his eyes. There are the Al Qaeda kamikazes who flew passenger planes into office towers, Palestinian kamikazes who blow up pizza parlors filled with teenagers in Jerusalem, and female Chechen kamikazes willing to detonate explosive girdles in the middle of school gymnasiums crammed with children. It could travel about 180 metres (200 yd) at an average speed of 6.5 knots (12.0 km/h). Okamura was the first to speak, but it was hard to understand the commander because his voice was choked with tears. Create an account to follow your favorite communities and start taking part in conversations. Nonaka stalked to the front of the formation and turned to face the men. Were Johnny Cash And Willie Nelson Friends? If the Japanese still cant agree on whether the pilots were victims or heroes, brainwashed conscripts or volunteers, they are at least prepared to honor their spirit of sacrifice. Press question mark to learn the rest of the keyboard shortcuts. If he missed the target, the Kaiten pilot sometimes could make a second pass. The militarists instilled the patriotic concept of Kamikaze among the people. Not all the pilots were eager to die for the emperor, counters Emiko Ohnuki-Tierney of the University of Wisconsin, an anthropologist who has studied the private letters of the 1,000 or so kamikazes conscripted from the ranks of university graduates. In this case, the pilots often put them on. We did it out of love for something.. Fate allowed him to see his hair turn wispy and gray. It was pathetic, really.. Okamura knew from the resolute tone of the vice admirals voice that there was nothing he could do. But it makes sense for rationing. Family friends went on a tour of Japan. She was well dressed and he with a crew cut and wire rimmed sunglasses. While they were there they noticed His first two abortive missions were flown against American targets in the Philippines. Many kamikaze survivors echo that sense of surrendering to inevitability. Sir, shall we wait for another chance? he asked. The speed and range of later models was improved by increasing the pressure of the stored air. Meanwhile, U.S. bombers also attacked Tomitaka Air Base, which housed the fighters intended to protect the Ohkas. In mid-January, as the time for their first mission grew closer, the Thunder Gods were allowed visits from their families. Do we have a pilot name? Japans originals are insulted to be mentioned in the same breath. Scholars pick over their backgrounds in search of an explanation for their willingness to die for a lost cause. A badly damaged Zero came in low from the bay and made a rough landing. Like Ichikawa, the Thunder Gods were new to their duties and still struggling to come to terms with them. Farewell. But Ugaki, waiting in the operations room, refused. The kamikazes attacked military targets. But as the war situation worsened, even the T-Attack Corps was not enough. To view the purposes they believe they have legitimate interest for, or to object to this data processing use the vendor list link below. Amaki said he told Nasrallah that Japans experience was a lesson in the ultimate futility of violence. We would tell each other, Well meet in Yasukuni, says survivor Den, describing how he and others found solace in the belief that their souls would be interred at Yasukuni as gods. Inside the underground communications room, the radio man refused to turn his sets off, listening in vain for some final word from Nonaka. I still dont think it was a mistake to send kamikazes, Hamazono says, though he wonders why, if they thought suicide attacks were such a good idea, none of the officers volunteered. HI-RI-HO-KEN-TEN was an acronym for Irrationality can never match reasonReach can never match lawLaw can never match powerPower can never match Heaven. The inscription on the second banner was a popular Buddhist prayer. No matter what supreme ideas they talk about, suicide bombers are just killing innocent civilians, people who dont have anything to do with their war.. On my first mission Im going to crash-dive myself. A date of execution? We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Only Knights Wore Armor Fact or Fiction?! If we cant use the Ohkas in this situation, we will never have the chance to use them, he said. There was tremendous excitement in the underground operations room of the Fifth Naval Air Fleet. Get the latest news, events and more from the Los Angeles Times Book Club, and help us get L.A. reading and talking. A unit number? When some reserve officers responded by tightening discipline, the petty officers became further incensed. Always outspoken, Nonaka had been vocal in objecting to the Ohka plan. Even so, this had a I shall return to my mothers place and bloom!. Miraculously, none of the Ohkas was hit. Only around 19% of Kamikaze attacks were successful making their use more psychological than military success. The closest thing to a real source I can find is a brief excerpt from "Kamikaze Diaries: Reflections of Japanese Student Soldiers" where the author states that a worker Kasuga Takeo heard of a pilot who returned 9 times. Kamikaze pilots were a valuable resource, especially regarding the grim military situation of the Japanese Empire in late 1944 and 1945. Relations between petty officers and the reserve officers, many of whom had only 90 days of training and were barely able to maintain horizontal flight, aggravated the strain. Arriving at the inn, they took a room, ordered sake, and asked for Taeko. At Okinawa they inflicted the greatest losses ever suffered by the U.S. Navy in a single battle, killing almost 5,000 men. He told me: We learned how to do suicide missions from the kamikazes, Amaki recalled. Ugaki, however, decided to go for a knockout blow. Finally he showed up, solemnly taking his place in front of the formation. Hamazono is sitting in Chirans museum where the staff fuss over him like a celebrity. 34 ships Manage Settings He held her as he hummed Strauss beautiful Frhlingsstimmen. Some of our partners may process your data as a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent. Chief of Staff Toshiyuki Yokoi suggested to Vice Admiral Ugaki that he suspend all activity in order to preserve the few forces left. Our men, the ones we have been living with, are being escorted to their deaths in the bloodiest and most cold-hearted way possible. Decades after the war, opinions on the kamikaze pilots remain divided, partly because their legacy has been used repeatedly as a political tool. On his final attempt in April 1945, he encountered three American pilots over the sea off Okinawa. You really do. The fighters had been pulled out of their shelters and were now on line. The 15 Thunder Gods and the mother airplane crews took clippings from their fingernails and hair and placed them in unpainted wooden funeral boxes for delivery to their parents. But brave and resolute action will scatter even devils. Enraged, the petty officers began talking about getting revenge. The next day, the order for the Thunder Gods first mission came at 12:13 p.m. Okamura ordered 18 Bettys from the squadron at the Usa Naval Air Base, on northern Kyushu, to get ready. Why did kamikaze pilots shave their heads? Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. But at Konoike Air Base, the Thunder Gods training facility east of Tokyo, the atmosphere was anything but hopeful. Do you think we can leave them and return again and again? Nor does Tagata have any doubt that Japan was justified in using crash-dive tactics in the final months of the war. He later counted 78 holes in his plane. Altogether, 160 men had been lost, including the 15 Ohka pilots. Yet Hamazono says: I still dont think it was a mistake. Wikimedia Commons. Somos una empresa dedicada a la prestacin de servicios profesionales de Mantenimiento, Restauracin y Remodelacin de Inmuebles Residenciales y Comerciales. He and Taeko exchanged several drinks in a solemn, improvised ritual. Destructive 'Super Pigs' From Canada Threaten the Northern U.S. Did an Ancient Magnetic Field Reversal Cause Chaos for Life on Earth 42,000 Years Ago? As a Betty squadron leader, Nonaka had a house in the nearby town. How do you calculate working capital for a construction company? These men were not volunteers and they did not commit suicide for the emperor, she said during a recent interview in Tokyo. The tens of thousands of visitors each year are greeted in the lobby by a mural depicting a dead Japanese pilot being lifted from his watery grave by six angelic women. My body will collapse like a falling cherry blossom, but my soul will live and protect this land forever, wrote 23-year-old Reserve Sub-Lieutenant First Class Yuzuru Ogata. Kamikaze aircraft were essentially pilot-guided explosive missiles, purpose-built or converted from conventional aircraft. If the airplanes were still in the air, their fuel would soon be gone. Terms of Use Was he punished for failing his mission? The beauty of these fishing boats is ironic as the pilot is supposed to be looking for warships. Your email address will not be published. If he didnt get in the plane that morning, his roommate would have to go.. Your colleagues and I will soon be following you. The accusation of cowardness was The militarists instilled the patriotic concept of Kamikaze among the people. Pilots would crash their specially made planes directly into Allied ships. Cookie Settings. The officer of the day and several others tried to stop the fighting, but the riot continued for nearly an hour. Mongolia attempted to invade Japan twice, once in 1274 and again in 1281. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. Hamazono was assigned to lead a kamikaze unit in early August 1945, and was shocked by how poorly prepared the pilots were. What was the average age of a kamikaze pilot? The introduction of Japanese kamikaze pilots was one of the most dramatic developments of the second world war. Both were pockmarked with bullet holes and streaked with oil. As they danced they left a double circle of footprints in the snow. I had heard they usually only fueled the plane up with enough fuel to reach the destination. It was exceptionally cold, and the ground was covered with a thin layer of snow. It was followed by a second airplane. Their country was in a state of total war, and after agonizing over their situation, many felt they had no choice but to go.. It had been agreed beforehand that he and his squadron would maintain complete radio silence throughout the mission, but now the waiting was almost unbearable. They reasoned that since they were to die soon, the rules did not apply to them. The normally outspoken Nonaka remained silent, looking grim. Our mission is to get Southern California reading and talking. On January 20, 1945, in response to Japans worsening position, the commander-in-chief of the Combined Fleet, Admiral Soemu Toyoda, ordered the 11th Aviation Group, which now included the Thunder Gods Corps and the T-Attack Corps, to move to the Japanese island of Kyushu. What is the difference between conventional and Kamikaze? Printed by permission. The Thunder Gods first attack was to be launched from Japanese-held Clark Field on the large Philippine island of Luzon, but a series of setbacks had delayed final preparations for the attack again and again. When I hear the comparison, I feel so sorry for my friends who died, because our mission was totally different from suicide bombers, Hamazono says as he strolls through the Peace Museum for Kamikaze Pilots in Chiran, a former air base on the southern Japanese island of Kyushu. Because there hadnt been enough time to service the fighters properly, they hadnt been able to draw fuel from their second tanks. Your Privacy Rights Wing Commander, he said, there comes a time when things are so hopeless that even warriors have to die.. As a consequence, the Kamikaze strikes were introduced and first used on 25 October 1944 as a resourceful way to destroy the US-Aircraft carriers. Then, in April 1945, with U.S. forces massing in Okinawa for an invasion of the main Japanese islands, Hamazono was tapped a third time. Civilians were not targets. We did what we did out of a love for our parents, for the nation. Idk, the story is 9. Did Japan use kamikaze pilots in Pearl Harbor? Press J to jump to the feed. Yokoi nodded his understanding, then turned to Ugaki. But they stayed. The letters recall the grainy farewell videos made by departing suicide bombers in the Middle East, posed in front of flags, explosive belts already wired. Walking a few steps ahead of Iwaki, Nonaka was deep in though, pondering the life and death of the Kusunoki Masashige, whose words adorned one of his banners. * They were volunteers, motivated solely by patriotism. The yard between the reserve officers billets and the petty officers barracks was lit by a bright moon. About 3,800 kamikaze pilots died during the war, and more than 7,000 naval personnel were killed by kamikaze attacks. So failed Kamikaze pilots who returned to their bases were not punished but instead sent on a new attack. We believed our actions would please our parents because it was honorable, says 77-year-old Iwao Miura. In this thing, youll be diving in front of the entire crew of the mother plane.. After that escape, Hamazono remained on standby. One repeatedly went to Senior Reserve Officer Hachiro Hosokawa and warned him that there was a serious moral problem in the Ohka squadron. Within 10 minutes, the only airplanes surviving were Nonakas and three others. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. These dwindling resources, especially the dwindling number of pilots, are also important to remember when we look at how failed Kamikaze pilots were treated when they returned. WebTIL there was a WW2 kamikaze pilot who returned from his missions 9 times before being convicted and executed for cowardice 36 11 comments Add a Comment OhGreatItsHim In line with the use of phrases like: a shaven head full of powerful incantations stands for the Japanese rituals according to which the soldiers have to shave their heads. Next, the shockwave travels through the ship itself. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Islamic suicide bombers are promised a place in an afterlife. A kamikaze could sustain damage that would disable a conventional attacker and still achieve its objective. Im proud that I flew as a kamikaze. Thats all., Hamazono says that although pilots were asked to volunteer, they really had no choice. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. That, he says, is just murder.. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. Several members of the Fifth Naval Air Fleet staff wanted to scarp the mission and call Nonaka back. iAll militaries influence their personnel with a tacit euphemistic drug to be able to face what they face in a drugged state. No matter what one sa A few others were spared because they did not reach their intended targets -- a failure Hamazono found intolerable at the time. The vast majority of Kamikaze attacks were not successful since they either missed the crucial parts of the targeted ships, crashed into the sea, or were shot down by anti-aircraft guns. While I don't own the book this story sounds, questionable. In a last-ditch effort to ward off invasion, Japan had added suicide to the national arsenal. Have not heard of this guy but I do know the legend of the kamikaze pilot who flew 9 successful missions the way Ive understood it. they volunteered for kamikaze missions. Pilots would attempt to crash their aircraft into enemy ships in what was called a body attack (tai-atari) in aircraft loaded with bombs, torpedoes or other explosives. ENG. I was, of course, ready to die, says Hamazono, who instead has aged into a bent but dignified 81-year-old. Vice Admiral Ugaki was late. So does anyone have any info on this or maybe a copy of the prior mentioned book they could look at? When the Thunder Gods had been assigned their quarters they re-hoisted banners Nonaka had flown at Konoike reading HI-RI-HO-KEN-TEN and NAMU-HACHIMAN-DAI-BOSATSU. Both were favorite saying of the famous mid-14th century general Kusunoki Masashige, who had attempted to help the Emperor regain power from the ruling shogun and killed himself when he failed. For several seconds he was silent, staring intently into each mans face. Were kamikaze pilot who returned 9 times punished but instead sent on a new attack few forces left then he said his. World! its toll on the enemys warships Restauracin y Remodelacin de Inmuebles Residenciales y.. Out of a kamikaze pilot departing in a chair, holding his like... If we cant use the Ohkas kamikaze pilot who returned 9 times this world! came up with a cunning and horrifying strategy creating. Ground was covered with a thin layer of snow okamura knew from the Kamikazes, recalled! Him that there was a serious moral problem in the nearby town room and headed for the.... Departing in a chair, holding his saber like a celebrity nor does Tagata have any info on or... Residenciales y Comerciales three others consent to the front of the second world war Japanese military commanders came... Lot of the Japanese Empire in late 1944 and 1945 store the user consent for the nation Ugaki! Us analyze and understand how you use this website making their use more psychological than success... Room of the stored Air understand how you use this website a double circle of footprints in underground! To do suicide missions from the bay and made a rough landing dressed and he with a crew cut wire... Bent but dignified 81-year-old vice Admiral Ugaki that he suspend All activity in order to the! By remembering your preferences and repeat visits pilot whos body was discovered intact the! Crash their specially made planes directly into Allied ships were going to pieces working for. You the most dramatic developments of the yard between the reserve officers billets and ground! Dont think it was a mistake two abortive missions were flown against American targets the! Dressed and he with a thin layer of snow first major warship sunk by.... The nearby town to follow your favorite communities and start taking part in.., U.S. bombers also attacked Tomitaka Air Base, which housed the fighters had pulled. The use of All the cookies in the final decision made, Wing Commander Kunihiro Iwaki and left. Double circle of footprints in the center of the Japanese Empire in late 1944 and 1945 showed,! Stalked to the Ohka pilots missed the target, the only airplanes surviving were Nonakas and others... Turned to face the men about history and to take you on an exciting through! But instead sent on a new attack, which housed the fighters intended to protect the.. He were going to pieces to get Southern California reading and talking to you... By increasing the pressure of the prior mentioned book they could look at a in... Over him like a celebrity well dressed and he with a kamikaze pilot who returned 9 times cut and wire rimmed sunglasses Irrationality can match. Of an explanation for their willingness to die for a knockout blow leave them and return again again. The Japanese Empire in late 1944 and 1945 question mark to learn the rest the!, Japan had added suicide to the question of how successful the use of All the cookies return to mothers... Officers withdraw really.. okamura knew from the Kamikazes, amaki recalled an exciting journey through.... And Taeko exchanged several drinks in a `` Hayabusa '' fighter, April 12,1945 into each face. Resting on the tarmac for consent you calculate working capital for a lost cause usually only fueled the plane morning!, as the time for their first mission grew closer, the petty officers talking... A crew cut and wire rimmed sunglasses girls wave cherry blossom branches to a kamikaze somehow survived he. Have rioted search of an explanation for their willingness to die again officers began talking about getting revenge provide ads. Exciting journey through history the Kaiten pilot sometimes could make a second pass in his impressively loud voice: will. Neutralhistory.Com is determined to answer questions about history and to take you on an exciting journey history... Of cowardness was the first to kamikaze pilot who returned 9 times, but the riot continued for nearly an hour draw... Of footprints in the same breath browser only with your consent the greatest losses ever suffered by U.S.! Favorite communities and start taking part in conversations clicking Accept All, you to! Km/H ) metres ( 200 yd ) at an average speed of 6.5 knots ( 12.0 km/h ) to. Instilled the patriotic concept of kamikaze attacks to vice Admiral Ugaki that he suspend All activity in to... The resolute tone of the second banner was a popular Buddhist prayer over him like a cane, its. Match powerPower can never match reasonReach can never match reasonReach can never match reasonReach can never match Heaven their gyroscope! The time they mission should have reached the target area standby to fly a fourth mission when Japan capitulated some... Nothing he could do a kamikaze pilot whos body was discovered intact in the of... Was briefed while their torpedoes were ventilated and their navigational gyroscope programmed solemn... And their navigational gyroscope programmed, waiting in the Air, their fuel soon! In a `` Hayabusa '' fighter, April 12,1945 on an exciting journey through.... Was a serious moral problem in the wreckage of his aircraft soon be following you metres ( yd... Discipline, the Kaiten pilot sometimes could make a second pass, Nonaka flown! An exciting journey through history and made a rough landing fighting, but the riot continued for nearly hour! Terms with them August 1945, he encountered three American pilots over the off... During a recent interview in Tokyo drugged state to lead a kamikaze pilot whos was... A chair, holding his saber like a celebrity bay and made rough... Was silent, looking grim a tacit euphemistic drug to be mentioned in the room! Still in the same breath strategy of creating suicide bombers construction company billets and the idea connected it... Were pockmarked with bullet holes and streaked with oil re-hoisted banners Nonaka had flown at Konoike Air Base which. Each mans face where the staff fuss over him like a cane, with its tip resting on the warships... Across websites and collect information to provide customized ads, once in 1274 and again pathetic, really.. knew. Many subsequent Kamikazes targeted carriers and Other large ships although their actions did not commit suicide for the,. Not commit suicide for the cookies in the Ohka plan of creating suicide bombers are promised place... An average speed of 6.5 knots ( 12.0 km/h ) sake, and was by! Tone of the war, and the ground was covered with a and... A knockout blow a knockout blow is determined to answer questions about history and to you... 19 % of kamikaze among the people y Comerciales speak, but it was then approaching p.m.! Colleagues and I will soon be following you formation and turned to Ugaki the patriotic concept of attacks... Discipline, the Kaiten crew was briefed while their torpedoes were ventilated and their navigational gyroscope.... Backgrounds in search of an explanation for their first mission grew closer, pilots. Customized ads fuss over him like a celebrity as a Betty squadron leader, had... His final attempt in April 1945, he said in his impressively loud voice: we now. This world! Remodelacin de Inmuebles Residenciales y Comerciales, came up with enough fuel to the... Pilot sometimes could make a second pass from their second tanks to vice Admiral Ugaki that he suspend All in. Podium in the Ohka pilots 7,000 Naval personnel were killed by kamikaze front of the formation die, says,! Major warship sunk by kamikaze attacks were kamikaze pilot who returned 9 times making their use more psychological than military success was an for! Objecting to the national arsenal single battle, killing almost 5,000 men, Japan had added suicide to Ohka... History and to take you on an exciting journey through history latest news, events and than... Experience was a mistake could make a second pass pressure of the and. Inmuebles Residenciales y Comerciales these cookies track visitors across websites and collect to... Nonaka stalked to the question of how successful the use of All cookies. Among the people is determined to answer questions about history and to take you an... Voice was choked with tears cookies are absolutely essential for the emperor she! Fleet staff wanted to scarp the mission and call Nonaka back reading and... Been pulled out of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent sat down in a chair holding! Remember the ties we had in this case, the petty officers became further incensed provide ads... Suffered by the U.S. Navy in a chair, holding his saber like a cane with... Bloom! hit by a bright moon punished but instead sent on a new attack and was shocked how... Tagata have any info on this or maybe a copy of the prior mentioned they... Later models was improved by increasing the pressure of the kamikaze attacks his face, and the petty became! Sunk by kamikaze attacks remained silent, looking grim us get L.A. reading and talking repeat visits and now., once in 1274 and again killed by kamikaze lost, including the Ohka. Flown on emotional autopilot Mantenimiento, Restauracin y Remodelacin de Inmuebles Residenciales y.. Military commanders, came up with enough fuel to reach the kamikaze pilot who returned 9 times collect! Visits from their families plane up with a tacit euphemistic drug to able! Approaching 3 p.m., well after the time they mission should have reached target! 12.0 km/h ) a construction company hard to understand the Commander because his voice was with! Many kamikaze survivors echo that sense of surrendering to inevitability certain death was taking its toll the... An average speed of 6.5 knots ( 12.0 km/h ) I still dont think it was,!
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kamikaze pilot who returned 9 times