It built slave forts on the African coast, some such as Bunce Island in Sierra Leone furnished with a rape house. The race obsessed Department of Education goes to considerable lengths to distinguish Caribbeans and West Africans. Even did something positive. Sloane witnessed and later became part of a system ruled by terror. This history of the black presence in . You should know better. But that ignores how the demand of outsiders led inevitably to far more supply being provided. It happened. When I met her, ~1995, I started asking her questions about the war, as I thought she was a fabulous resource of information. "I have," he admits, "a habit of . Support 100 years of independent journalism. Then a young teenager, he was driven out of his council home, together with his grandmother, mother, two sisters and younger brother, by a sustained campaign of nightly stoning of their windows. 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Thats before you get on to the Khoisan and the Zulus, the Carthaginians and Romans, the Vikings versus pretty much anyone else who lived within raiding distance, Theres a fundamental weakness with all theories of universal law or justice, which is that across time and space, the human conception of what is right and just seems to be extremely varied and rarely (to modern Western eyes) pleasant. BLM is after political or financial advantages because of slavery. Black history: Should it be part of the wider curriculum? Britain was happy to force the Bevan Boys down coal mines. MyBurningEars August 30, 2020 at 3:31 pm Deliberately shipping that many people that far in order to participate in a newly-created society whose economic system was designed, pretty much from the ground up, around slave labour?, True that unlike certain other examples of slavery, you werent likely to be killed as part of a religious sacrifice or as part of your owners funeral., But there have been other societies with slavery where slaves had more autonomy and a greater chance of buying their freedom.. Read about our approach to external linking. Welsh slave-raids into England continued until early Norman times. So how much have considered paedophilia? Its very noticable how nobodys mentioning that the Spanish Empire were doing this for several centuries before the British got involved. No member of my family ever owned slaves. That hes able to write this article is because hes living in what is, by historical standards, a remarkably tolerant society. I cant see the point of denying it was all pretty awful. She had no interest in esoteric discussions of the war. Britain should be proud of helping to stop (African to America) slavery, like the Republican Party and unlike the Democrats. Not sure theyd do that with modern sensibilities mind you. But it is Olusoga who keeps insisting that its the Brits who are uniquely responsible.. Olusoga was born in Lagos to a White mother and a Nigerian father who, I hate to say nautrally, did a runner. In that moment, his interest in history overlapped. Its an interesting exercise to consider, given we live within such a system, how or whether that contradiction can be settled. Anybody can do this. That was a bad experience but he should know that you cannot judge a whole country by what happened when he was young. Prof Olusoga is not the only person who has been drawn to Equiano's story. Over 1000 years in Britain. The masses who once supported black freedom now campaigned for the Deep South. It has been reissued by publishing house Hodder and Prof Olusoga has written the foreword. We are told that an estimated 12.5 million slaves were shipped from Africa to the West Indies and elsewhere in the 18th century. The vast majority of Americans are not guilty. Both groups today, especially the former, could reasonably claim historic persecution has reduced their present income and wealth. TV historian David Olusoga claims it is "palpable nonsense" to say that removing controversial statues "somehow impoverishes history". There is no reason to single White people out for unique levels of criticism. You may concede a point here, a point there. Like I need to hand my cash to the next lass of Rus descent I see, lest she remind me of some unlucky slave-girl that may or may not have perished at the hands of my maybe-ancestors? My argument is that Africans were probably happily killing each other for women before the West turned up. What has Nigeria ever done for him? He saw how enslaved people who had risen up were burnt to death, castrated or mutilated, punishments he regarded as merited. (At least in our society) Get over it. This is a moral argument. The Barbados slave code of 1661 stripped Africans of all human rights, and set out ways in which they were to be punished, to exert control over their labour (mutilation of the face, slitting of nostrils, castration, execution). if he wants to be an historian he should present a fair and realistic picture of what happened, Your email address will not be published. To be honest, I was a bit sceptical about the Olympics coming to London, but the atmosphere across the capital was genuinely wonderful . The enslaved Africans had to wait another five years for their freedom and were not given a penny. Get back to us when youve developed your historicalguiltometer. Pretty sure if you could, implausibly, trace my family tree through various not-very-literate eras youd pass through at least one Anglo-Saxon who owned a bunch of Britons. But that is not the argument I am making. The argument isnt whether historical slavery was right or wrong or who should accept responsibility for it. Thousands of petitions were presented to parliament. So my advice would be, for his own health, STFU. Olusoga patterns his narrative after Fryers, starting with the North African presence in Roman Britain. Olusoga unloads all sorts of characterizations. Particularly as nowadays anyone who dares even look at someone a few days below the age of consent is believed to be an incorrigible nonce who deserves hanging, castration, or castration by hanging. Africans had a demand for female slaves. The Royal African Company, established by Charles II in 1672, eventually enslaved and transported more Africans than any other company in British history. Its extraordinary success rested upon the foundation of sympathy laid down during the previous 70 years of abolitionist activity in Britain. Peter Olusoga. The exception is Tim Worstall, who is truly the Ron Jeremy of blogging. (Im just presenting the case here in reality there are obviously some big questions about the logic of Nuremberg etc, just as there are questions about how judges in Common Law occasionally summon up things as if they had always and forever been a part of the Law, albeit previously unrecorded, rather than something the judge just made up.). One issue about Westerners buying slaves via a chain of commerce that often ultimately involved Africans selling other Africans at traditional slave-trading locations (there was some slave-raiding by Europeans directly, but rarer) is that the extra demand distorted the market, led directly to more armed slave-raiding expeditions against rival tribes and so on. Various among the societies that were agglomerated into Nigeria were more or less involved in that slave trade from the supply end. I had a girlfriend whose mother was a Nazi. Oblong, Surely the US has already spent much more than that on black Americans. For almost 60 years, there was impasse. There is no reason to think one system was more or less brutal than the other. What would happen to that money, who knows, but as its (or was) your money, thats between you and your grifter of choice. And the Domesday Book even counts slaves as a separate category below the unfree peasants (villans, bordars and cottars) those owed service to a Lord who could order them to move about and could say yes or no to their proposed marriages, but unlike slaves he didnt own them, couldnt sell them, and they had property rights to at least a smallholding. Societies have had a long history of treating minorities harshly. David Olusoga, 49, is a television presenter and historian. And I dont think this is what reparations campaigners are calling for either, as I understand it their argument includes systematic legacy issues not just the period of slavery itself, so the harm relates more directly to them not just their ancestors. In the UK its not white people enslaving blacks anymore, but Asians enslaving other Asians, as in Leicesters clothing sweatshops. Should almost go without saying except of course that it doesnt, since clearly not every culture has the same moral gut reaction to it that I do. Both of these need proof. Olusoga is making an appeal to white guilt. We pretend we do not like slavery but actually we do not like slave traders. If slavery really mattered theyd be campaigning for reparations from the blacks and arabs/moslems who were doing it long before the white man arrived in Africa and was far more devastating. The UK, Norway, Benelux, Spain, Malta and Switzerland are, I believe, the only western European countries to set it at 16. How could Britain, a civilised and Christian nation, indulge in rape, torture, killing and the forced labour of Africans over two centuries? The New Statesmans global affairs newsletter, every Monday and Friday. As would Beyonce. Those who grew rich on slavery and the slave trade were not neutral and no achievement or act of philanthropy justifies airbrushing their involvement from history. Like Fryers book, Olusogas will inspire and will come to be seen as a major effort to address one of the greatest silences in British historiography. There is no reason to single White people out for unique levels of criticism. So he calls himself a Geordie. Kyle Rittenhouse, unlike the rest of their sorry asses, did something. Quite possibly slave-raiding Gaels before that. many African tribes kept slaves. Im not even saying thats a convincing argument, it has some very serious weak points, just that I reckon its a stronger one than a general appeal about current inequality. In 1796, a bill was defeated by only four votes: a group of abolitionist MPs went to the opera and missed the vote. Note, hes a renowned economist. I know there are posters on here who see stepping into their opponents perspective as a dangerous and pointless endeavour that gives undue worth to a viewpoint they despise, but purely as a mental exercise theres usually something to be said for examining your opponents strongest argument instead of their weakest. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vestmannaeyjar, Slavery in England definitely continued for a couple of generations after the Norman Conquest and Bristol was a major export centre, though there were attempts to ban the export trade in particular (https://www.historytoday.com/archive/normans-and-slavery-breaking-bonds has some interesting quotes from the time). at scales that were unusual in the long and varied history of slavery, and levels of brutality that stood out too.. As he states, The oral history of 20th-century racial violence has never been collected or collated, but it is thereand it is shocking.. But that ignores how the demand of outsiders led inevitably to far more supply being provided, so I dont think the traders can be given a pass on this front either. The publication in 1852 of Uncle Toms Cabin, by the American abolitionist Harriet Beecher Stowe, swelled national sympathy for the plight of black slaves. I am happy with Olusogo paying reparations to himself. As Black British History Month draws to a close, TV historian Prof David Olusoga looks at the impact it's had - and how young people are taking it on. Those aged 11-14 have to be taught about the British Empire between 1745-1901, however the slave trade is one of nine examples given by the Department of Education on what can be taught. But you need a different approach if you dont think great-grandkids of the Confederacy are still fair game.) Id say the same to the Black Lives Matter people. Theres probably more mileage in my country, or at least its historical incarnation, fought against it because unlike the actual people involved, the state is still around. I assume these were usually killed before Europeans turned up and bought them. Under English law, damages are assessed as being that amount needed to restore them to the position they would have been, had the event claimed against not occurred. The system he witnessed and wrote about was one in which human beings were worked to death. Long after slavery ended in the British colonies, British people continued to lobby the American government to free their slaves. David Olusoga meets Janice Haber and her family, the descendents of Jewish . "Incorporating the stories of people like Equiano is merely part of a process of looking at all of British history; not just being selective, not only going to the chapters that make us feel good about ourselves or proud.". That is a strawman argument at its best. And the third, fourth, fifth, and so on. He was born in Nigeria but arrived in the . The thing we British are ancestrally responsible for is beginning and continuing to pursue the extinction of the sordid business of slavery. Reckon they found commenters guessing which parts of a hypothetical argument were meant all part of the fun, In many respects youre one of the posters here whose views on morality Im closest to our personal moralities probably being quite far apart, but I recognise mine as very much the product of my upbringing and surrounding society and know enough about other places and times to realise just how contingent that makes them. And so many hundreds of thousands of British workers were directly dependent on slavery (from sailors to those who built, rigged and repaired ships) that it was easy to turn a blind eye to the inhumanity. They all get it from White people inciting violence. It was an apt university to experiment with such developments, since Lord Scarman, who reported on the Brixton riots of 1981, was its chancellor. The evidence of this is that seasoned slaves, those exposed to the environment, sold for up to 50% more than new ones. Thy did not try to grow or raise the next generation. Two men managed to escape and were rescued, but not before my great, great, grandfather was beaten, starved and worked to death, his body thrown into the jungle for the animals and insects to dispose of. Nineteen eighty-four affected him in another way: the publication of Peter Fryers groundbreaking Staying Power: The History of Black People in Britain introduced him to the scholarship needed to understand his position in Britain. So there were times when food was expensive, we can call those shortages or famines. History is just one awful thing after another. TV historian David Olusoga claims it is "palpable nonsense" to say that removing controversial statues "somehow impoverishes history". When Olusoga recalled the experience before television cameras last year, he wept. But as someone who is damaged by slavery I have lived in racially mixed communities and I am happy to see Obama and Kamala pay up. Now they do. Societies have what morals suit them. From Roots. and while the responsible state still exists, Theres a fundamental weakness with all theories of universal law or justice, which is that across time and space, the human conception of what is right and just seems to be extremely varied and rarely (to modern Western eyes) pleasant.. Nevertheless, we live in a society that generally regards slavery as an absolute and eternal wrong, and a grave one at that, yet which has historically (at least certain people and places, and including the state itself) benefited from imposing slavery on others.. And yes, grand scheme of things, forced choice between living in a central Asian city about to be captured by ticked-off Mongols and an African tribal group about to be captured by profit-hungry slavers then fine, I take the latter hands down. Young people - such as Lavinya Stennett who founded the Black Curriculum campaign group - have been calling for change. Again, not that these market forces absolve the sellers of a moral responsibility, but there is an argument occasionally deployed that slaves would have been slaves anyway. Though I dont know where wed get $12 trillion in Confederate currency. After all, adult males were all but worthless and demand for women might have been enough to drive the trade anyway. Different people can argue the toss from different viewpoints and perspectives but in many ways their arguments pass each other like ships in the night, because they havent all got nobodys got an absolute frame of reference to judge things with respect to. You can pay all the reparation for historical slavery related wrongs, real or imaginary, you want. Then the second. Video, 1894 shipwreck confirms tale of treacherous lifeboat, BBC Radio 3 - Drama on 3: The Meaning of Zong, BBC Bitesize: The Zong 1781-1783 - The triangular trade, during a debate on Black History and Cultural Diversity in the Curriculum, Harry and Meghan told to 'vacate' Frogmore Cottage, Explosive found in check-in luggage at US airport, Fungus case forces Jack Daniels to halt construction, Rare Jurassic-era bug found at Arkansas Walmart, China and Belarus call for peace in Ukraine, Fire knocks out half of Argentina's power grid, Havana Syndrome unlikely to have hostile cause - US, Starbucks illegally fired workers over union - judge. The rest apart from Ireland (17, partly due to influence of aforementioned Patrick) set it younger. Theres no point pretending Europeans who profited from either the transatlantic slave trade or the use of slave labour in the Americas were somehow doing a favour to the slaves involved, even if, as it happens but their owners could not have predicted, their surviving descendants ended up financially better off on average than the counterfactual of remaining in Africa. White communities suffer huge losses from Black crime. So is Richard Murphy. Presumably there were normal times when food was cheap that you fed your workers and didnt seek to replace them in the way Olusoga means. In 1861, the Economist stated that nearly four million people in Britain depended directly and indirectly on the cotton industry; a fifth of the entire population. Purely speculatively, and as a matter of prediction rather than judging whats best, its hard to imagine large-scale reparations ever being adopted in Blighty because the ratio of losers to winners with the vote (presuming eg British Asians would be ineligible for compensation) is going to remain unfavourable and the cost of reparations across the relevant parts of the old Empire (if youre compensating British Jamaicans, presumably youre going to compensate all the Jamaicans in Jamaica once youve accepted the principle) would be considerable. "This is a richer history as well as a necessary history; this is a more vivid history as well as a history that tells the back stories of more people in this country than the traditional narratives we've had.". Will Britain change? Abolition was the first mass philanthropic movement in Britain, and it ended the slave trade in 1807. June 16, 2020 - 20:29 BST Aisha Nozari. You might have heard of a Romano-British chap called Patrick, got enslaved and nabbed to Ireland? I imagine few do. He adds: "The reason Equiano's story, Equiano's voice, is not as well known as it should be, is because we have a long habit in this country of not wanting to talk about slavery. In dealing with the black contribution to the First World War, for example, he cites popular gratitude and admiration for black Britons among them Walter Tull, who fought on the Western Front. Whether they are too stupid to think of that remains to be seen. Thats what I dont like about the angle of Tims header. And this of course neatly addresses MBEs arguments. Get back to us when your sin/privilege is expunged. The South Sea bubble, the greatest financial crash of the 18th century, was intimately connected to Britains dealings with Africa, though this is rarely acknowledged by historians. Black and British: A Forgotten History The Russians do not have these problems because they are not ashamed. BZZZTT!! The rest of this looks like the usual white washing (so to speak) of African slavery. Id agree that attitudes in the UK are approaching that situation, but theres still a long, long way to go yet. Anti-black riots broke out in Liverpool that year. No other race / culture was willing and able to do that. Might, in this case, being 100% of the debating point. Very little sugar on the mainland. This is indeed tu quoque. Ill disparage them. Jamaicans and Nigerians used to hate each other. During the Second World War, thousands of black American soldiers stationed in Britain were befriended by white Britons who opposed efforts by the white military to segregate them. If you are wracked with guilt, ashamed of your forebears, do it! Rapidly promoted to sergeant, then second lieutenant, he led white British troops into action and died in 1918, having been mentioned in despatches and recommended for the Military Cross. He is a Cultural Marxist trying to destroy the West. Its been banned for two centuries in Britain. I know. That star stuff wont last. Then, in October, came a breakthrough. Prof Darity and Ms Mullen outline that to eliminate the existing Black-White wealth gap an allocation of between $10 trillion and $12 trillion, or about $800,000 per black household, should be paid. Definitely didnt die out with the Romans. You can be redeemed, you worthless pasty people. MBE, do not entertain these people, not for one second. However, it applies to at least 80% of Americans. Shipwrecked off the coast of Africa, he, and other survivors, were taken by an African tribe as captives. So this race baiter can try his guilt trip on someone else. For some peculiar reason possibly because theres a section of Western society has become very insecure about its own position its being some credence. He previously worked at JP Morgan for 18 years in a number of senior roles and was . Peter completed his award-winning PhD, exploring stress and coping in elite sports coaching, at Sheffield Hallam in 2012. Then dont discuss it. David Olusoga But any planter who deliberately starved his slaves to death would quickly go bust. It was, I believe, the first book I ever bought for myself with my own money. See, five years ago I wouldnt have written a crass comment like that, but hey, times achanging and as financially independent with some FU-money, I dont have to worry about cancellation culture, LOL. And so, equipped with the fruits of Islamic learning (new navigational instruments, books on astronomy and trigonometry), European explorers set sail for Africa to relieve the natives of their gold. He presented the recent series of A House Through Time on BBC 2, and Black and British: A Forgotten History. Heroes of 2020 What Marcus Rashford's campaign for hungry children tells us about . 2023 BBC. TV presenter David Olusoga has told the Edinburgh TV Festival his career had sometimes left him feeling "crushed, isolated," and "disempowered". I could just as well feel something else entirely, and Im sceptical of all approaches to impose a supposedly universal, timeless or even just coherent, thats a challenge in itself ethical system. Anglo-Saxons had slaves. His dad met his mom at the city's university in the 1960s. They also ran a slave trade to the Ottoman empire and white slavery in the north without any help from Europeans. And yet anti-black race riots broke out in 1948 in Liverpool and in 1958 in Nottingham and Londons Notting Hill. He has discovered new and exciting research materials in African archives, among them the Register of Liberated Africans in Sierra Leone, which list names, bodily details, ethnicity and origins, thus putting a human face on people otherwise treated as fodder and statistics. It can be withdrawn. Long after he had published Corydon, his defence of pederasty. What is their strongest argument? The strongest case I can see against reparations is not fundamentally a legal one but perhaps one degree abstracted the law if we can litigate that, we can litigate a heck of a lot of stuff from centuries past, tie our legal systems up in knots with no obvious limits in sight. But maybe they did not. Should black history be taught all year round? What difference has it made? Read about our approach to external linking. Hes welcome to pursue his line of thought but he should bear in mind that tolerance is, by its nature, in the gift of the powerful. 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